Page 41 - Appplied Mathematics for the Petroleum and Other Industries, 5th Edition

GLOSSARY 301

second n: the fundamental SI unit for time equal to /60 trigonometry n: the study of triangles and their use in
1
of a minute. solving problems.
sine (sin) n: in a right triangle, the ratio of the hypotenuse true vertical depth n: the depth of a well measured from
to the side opposite a given angle. the surface straight down to the bottom of the well. The
specific gravity (sp gr) n: the ratio between the weight true vertical depth of a well may be quite different from
of a given volume of a substance and the weight of an its actual measured depth, because wells are very seldom
equal volume of pure water at 39°F. drilled exactly vertical.
square n: the product of a number multiplied by itself.
square root n: a number that produces a specified quan- unit n: a quantity chosen as a standard of measurement
tity when multiplied by itself. in terms of which other quantities may be expressed.
straight average n: the average in a set of numbers ob- upper range value (URV) n: the maximum value of the
tained by adding all the quantities together and dividing process variable to be measured and calibrated; some-
by the number of quantities involved. times referred to as span when adjusting the transmitter.

stub n: the second set of variables down the left side of
a table. vapor density n: the density of a vapor or gas in relation
subtrahend n: the number that is subtracted from the to the density of hydrogen at the same pressure and
minuend in a subtraction problem. temperature. Compare specific gravity.
sum n: the result obtained by addition. volt (V) n: the SI unit for voltage or electromotive force.
voltage n: an electromotive force or electrical potential

table n: a set of data or information systematically orga- difference expressed in volts. See electromotive force.
nized and displayed in columns and rows. volume n: the amount of a substance that occupies a
tangent (tan) n: in a right triangle, the ratio of the side particular space, obtained by taking the product of three
opposite a given angle over the side adjacent to the lengths.
given angle.

term n: a combination of symbols in a mathematical watt (W) n: the SI unit of power, equal to 1 J/s.
expression that a sign does not separate. weighted average n: an average obtained by multiply-
theorem n: a proposition or formula that can be solved ing each number in the set by a factor reflecting its
or proved by using basic assumptions and axioms. importance.
times n: the sign used for multiplication. work n: the acting of a force through distance, or the
title n: in a table, the name that describes the table and overcoming of a resistance to motion. No work is done
affects the amount of information that each boxhead unless motion is produced. Mathematically, work is force
must present. times distance.
transpose v: to move to a different place or cause two
or more things to exchange places. yard n: a conventional unit of distance equal to three feet.

Petroleum Extension-The University of Texas at Austin